Objective：To analyze the effect of the free screening program for breast cancer among rural women in Shaanxi province and evaluate the economic evaluation, and provide policy recommendations for the project;Methods：Field investigation and institutional survey were used to obtain data, the effect was measured by using the coverage rate、cancer detection rate、Incremental cost effectiveness and per capita GDP ratio、cost-benefit ratio and so on.Results:The Participation rate and awareness rate for the breast cancer prevention knowledge were low,from 2009 to 2014,the coverage rate increased from 0.31% to 1.04%, the detection rate increased from 24.63/10 to 83.44/10 million, Incremental cost effectiveness and per capita GDP ratio decreased from 8.91 to 2.64, the cost - benefit ratio decreased from 13.09 to 3.88;Conclusion:Strengthen the publicity and education,expand the scope of the inspection projects, increase the investment in inspection, optimize the cost structure, continue to deepen the existing programs to improve the effectiveness of inspection.