Abstract Objective Explore the operation change of some large general hospital managed directly by Health and Family Planning Commission after participating urban public hospital reform, to provide policy reference for promoting the reform. Methods Compared with analysis was used to analyze the relevant data in the first quarter of 2015 and 2016 about this hospital. Results Medical balance fell 86.90% year-on-year; medicine proportion fell by 6.33% year-on-year; the growth of outpatient and emergence visits, discharged patients and the number of operation was respectively 14.45%,7.85% and 8.27% year-on-year. Per capita outpatient and inpatient costs fell by 5.47% and 0.93% respectively compared to first quarter of 2015. Conclusion The mode of medicine supporting medical has been broken after medicine price reform, but largely effect on economic operation. medical income structure adjustment does not reach the expected goals and the effect of promoting hierarchical diagnosis is not obvious.