Objective: To analyze the equity of health resource allocation and utilization of community health service centers and township health centers in Shandong Province. Methods: Lorenz curve，Gini coefficient and Theil index were used to analyze the equity of health resource allocation and utilization of urban and rural basic medical institutions. Results: The number of hospital beds and armaria per ten thousands population in community health service centers were 6.16 and 4.91, and the outpatients were 7797.33 ten thousand. The number of general practitioners per ten thousands population in township health centers were 0.60, The Gini coefficient of hospital beds in community health service centers was 0.252, and that of general practitioners in township health centers was 0.266. T he percent of the contribution of inter-regional differences to total Theil index was below six ty percent. Conclusion: the equity on hardware facility a llocation was unfair. The region allocation of h ealth human resource, especially general practitioners, in township health centers was unfair. The utilization of health services on urban and rural basic medical institutions is inadequate . The central and western regions were superior to the east region. The contribution of inter-regional differences was main influence factor.