Objective: To use the method of benefit-cost analysis to compare the existing immunization scheme with the pre screening one. So we can lay a foundation for the formulation of the more economical and effective immunization strategy. Methods: We established 2 decion tree models of those 2 immunization strategy by TreeAge Pro V2011.To find out the parameter information such as the morbidity of hepatitis B related disease, disease burden ,and so on, through the literature. The data were generated into the cost-benefit formula in order to calculating the annual cost, benefit, net benefit and benefit cost ratio of 2 vaccination scheme separately and comparing the gap between them. Results: If the PLA recruits 200 thousands each year, the costs of existing vaccination and vaccination after screening were 3.23 million yuan and 2.36 million yuan with benefit 5.48 million yuan and 6.41 million yuan. It is as the result that the net benefit of existing vaccination and vaccination after screening were 2.29 million yuan and 3.99 million yuan with benefit-cost ratio 1.76 and 2.72 respectively. Conclusion: The results indicated that screening followed by vaccination was obvious superiority and more recommended.