The key to promoting the comprehensive reform of primary health care is to establish and consolidate the new mechanism of primary health operation, including public beneficial management system, long-term compensation mechanism, competitive employment mechanism, incentive allocation mechanism and normative drug supply mechanism. This article analyzes the policy evolution and policy characteristics of the comprehensive reform of primary health care in China, through reviewing the relevant documents. At the same time, the innovative initiatives presented in local documents are revealed, for the policy itself and the implementation of the policy