To guarantee the implementation of national negotiated anticancer drugs is important to benefit the tumor patients, it reviews the main methods to ensure the implementation of national negotiated anticancer drugs in China, analyzes the cost structure and characteristics of patients with different types of medical insurance, and discusses the impact of medical insurance policies on the use of the anticancer drugs. It aims to put forward suggestions, which could improve tumor treatment cost-sharing mechanism, enhance the tumor diagnosis & treatment ability policy, and strengthen the refined management of medical insurance.