The serious effects of COVID-19 pandemic threaten health and global public health security; damaged national health system; exacerbate the systematic injustice of global health, and lead to the obstruction or even reversal of the sustainable development goals progress. The above highlights the urgency of promoting the construction of global public health governance. It faces many challenges: no general consensus of the global health governance community; the absence of leadership in the global public health governance structure; the inefficiency of global public health governance mechanism; and the digital gap among countries and territories for the global public health information monitoring system. There are suggestions for promoting the construction of global public health governance: including accelerating the construction of human health destiny community; establishing and improving the mechanism of global public health governance; ensuring equity and accessible supply of global public health goods; reshaping the leadership system of global public health governance structure; and narrowingthe gap in global public health information monitoring.