Objective: To explore the relationship among the proportion of the elderly population，per capita disposable income and per capita health expenditure，so as to provide the data basis for health policy formulation. Methods: ADF unit root test，Johansen cointegration test and Granger causality test are used to analyze the association between aging，economic status and health costs based on the national data from 1990 to 2020. Results: Per capita disposable income and per capita health expenditure are Granger reasons for each other. However，there is no Granger causality between the proportion of the elderly population and the per capita health expenditure. The increase in the proportion of the elderly population has not yet affected income，but has had an impact on consumption. Conclusion: The government should pay full attention to the development of health undertakings when regulating macro-economy. Meanwhile，the growth of health expenditure should be at a reasonable level，so as to better adapt to the level of economic development in China. In addition，simple aging has no obvious impact on health costs. Researchers should pay more attention to the progress of medical technology and the level of social security. Efforts should be made to find ways to delay the release of potential health service needs of the elderly.