Objective: To systematically review the methods and case applications of distributed cost-effectiveness Analysis and provide new ideas for the evaluation of pharmacoeconomic in China in the future. Methods: By retrieving，screening，and analyzing the research guidelines and key application cases related to the analysis of distributed cost effects，while the DCEA methods and processes are sorted out and introduced. Results: It includes a DCEA use case of colorectal cancer screening measures conducted by the United Kingdom and South Korea. It is found that many health interventions fail to balance health benefits and health equity at the same time，and some interventions that maximize health benefits are precisely the measures that benefit the least in terms of health equity，and even lead to more serious health inequities. Conclusion: With great application value in China，DCEA is a new method that can provide decision-makers with information on maximizing health benefits and achieving health equity to the greatest extent. However，accurate and comprehensive high-quality data collection is the biggest challenge for DCEA.