For objectively and effectively evaluating the impact of medical special debt on hospital operation，taking Shenzhen Municipal Hospital as an example，the operations management risk of medical special debt to public hospitals was evaluated from the overall and specific aspects of the hospital. Based on the medical industry characteristics and management mode，it analyzes the composition and trend prediction of hospital solvency income，and puts forward the four in the evaluation model of "debt risk + solvency income + economic benefit + social benefit".