Objective: To provide policy references for the government to optimize the allocation of health human resources in professional public health institutions in China from 2012 to 2020. Methods: The 2012-2020 data of professional public health institutions in different provinces in China were collected to calculate the agglomeration degree of health resources and health human resources，analyze the demographic and geographical equity of health human resources allocation in professional public health institutions in China. Results: From 2012 to 2020，the allocation of health human resources in professional public health institutions in China has been improved and gradually become more equitable，but there is still a large gap in the total amount of them. The allocation of professional public health resources also has continuous differentiation differences among regions. The equity of public health resources allocated by population is higher than that allocated by geographical area. Conclusion: While improving the top-level design of inter-regional public health system，the government should optimize the equity of intra-regional resource allocation. In regional health planning，geographical factors of public health resources should be taken into account to balance "population equity" and "geographical equity" so as to promote the healthy development of public health in China.