The neonatal health is an essential prerequisite for the overall development of the human being，and basic health insurance plays an important role in promoting the maternity and infant health. Foreign studies have shown that health insurance can be effective in promoting the health of newborns，but there are few studies in this area in China. At present，China's "Three Children" policy has resulted in an increase in the number of older women giving birth，which has led to an increase in the number of poor birth outcomes. In the context of "healthy China" and "low fertility"，it reviews the research on the impact of maternal health insurance on the health of newborns at home and abroad，and analyzes and reviews the existing research findings and problems，so as to provide a strong support for further research in this area.