Objective: The spatial and temporal distribution characteristics and influencing factors of per capita health expenditure in China from 2014 to 2020 are analyzed，to provide a theoretical reference to promote modernization centered on residents' health. Methods: A multi-scale spatiotemporal weighted regression model is established to explore the spatiotemporal influence of per capita health expenditure by social factors，demographic factors，health resources and medical services，and compared with the results of spatiotemporal weighted regression model and ordinary regression model. Results: The national per capita health expenditure showed an increasing trend in time，and was closely related to the economic volume of various regions in terms of space. The estimation results and test results of multi-scale spatiotemporal weighted regression model were significant，and the spatiotemporal effects of 8 macroscopic factors on per capita health expenditure were obvious. Conclusions: The growth of health expenditure is not only a medical issue，but also a social issue. All regions need to combine the characteristics of economic foundation，resource endowment and population structure，continue to optimize the allocation structure of health resources，strengthen the construction of grass-roots health service system，and continuously improve the level of Chinese-style modern health governance.