Objective: To carry out efficiency evaluation,spatial differentiation and driving factors analysis of the medical resource utilization,and to find collaborative improvement strategies of medical resource utilization efficiency at regional level.Methods: The SBM model was used to estimate and evaluate the utilization efficiency of the medical resources in Chinese provinces during 2010-2020.The Dagum Gini coefficient and Geographic Detector method were used to analyze the spatial differentiation characteristics and driving factors.Results: After the implementation of the new medical reform policy,the utilization efficiency of medical resources in China was improved year by year,but there was still a large "efficiency gap".The Gini coefficient of the whole region is large,and there is a problem of "growth inequality".The main source of spatial differentiation is super-variable density.Population size,urbanization,susceptible population,environmental pollution and economic development and their interaction had significant effects on the formation of spatial differentiation of medical resource utilization efficiency.Different regional scales have different dominant driving factors.Conclusion: Local governments should continue to deepen the medical and health reform,pay attention to the systemization,integrality and coordination of the policies to improve the utilization efficiency of medical resources,and adapt to local conditions on the basis of recognizing the "source" and "type".