The reform of medical payment forced hospitals to improve quality, control costs and increase efficiency through refined management. Specialized disease operation was an important way to realize refined management. Methods: Through the analysis of medical data from the Union Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, it clarifies the operation of acute myocardial infarction disease and propose targeted control strategies to improve the operation of specialized diseases. Results: Through the formulation of drug usage rules, the establishment of consumable evaluation system, the optimization of clinical pathway management and the breaking of internal and surgical department barriers, the disease had turned losses into profits, drug and con- sumption costs decreased, the burden of patients was reduced, and the overall level of operation and management of the disease was elevated. Conclusion: Specialized disease operation helped to reduce deficit, promote normalized medical behavior and improve re- source utilization efficiency. A replicable approach of specialized disease operation was constructed to improve the level of hospital re- fined management.