Objective: To evaluate the impact of the smoking ban in public places, implemented in 2017, on the smoking behaviors of urban residents in Shanghai. Methods: A Propensity Score-Difference in Difference (PSM-DID) model was established, using China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) from 2014 to 2018. Results: The smoking ban in Shanghai significantly reduced the prevalence and amount of smoking. The changes in smoking behaviors were greater among men with higher education and higher income, as well as the younger group. Conclusion: The implementation of smoking ban in public places has a positive impact on reducing smoking and should be further implemented nationwide.