Objective: Conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis of lung cancer screening to evaluate the economic viability of lung cancer screening. Methods: A decision tree model for lung cancer screening was constructed to analyze the input-output of lung can- cer screening and non-screening strategies, and to evaluate the cost and health outcomes of these two strategies. Incremental cost ef- fectiveness analysis was performed to determine the economics of lung cancer screening strategies. Results: The cost of gaining an additional year of life through lung cancer screening strategy compared to non-screening strategy is 93 153 yuan. Conclusion: Ac- cording to the WHO recommended threshold, implementing lung cancer screening in the population is cost-effective and should be actively promoted.