Objective: To understand the characteristics of the uninsured population nationwide and the factors influencing them, to provide a reference basis for the formulation of relevant policies to promote universal healthcare coverage. Methods: Data from the 2019 China Household Finance Survey (CHFS) were used for analysis. Descriptive statistical analysis was conducted on the character- istics of the uninsured population, and Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of the uninsured. The correspon- dence between the uninsured population and the influencing factors was analyzed using a multiple correspondence two-dimensional di- agram. Results: 94.49% of the residents were covered by social health insurance, while 5.51% were not covered by any social health insurance. Age, annual household income, marital status, place of residence, geographical location, nature of work, and personal debt all influenced the uninsured behavior of individuals (P＜0.05). Multiple correspondence results show that the uninsured are strongly associated with the population in northeast, central and western regions, junior and primary school education, with annual income around 10 000 yuan to 50 000 yuan, and groups working in agriculture. Conclusion: Although China’s medical insurance coverage rate has steadily increased, there are still some uninsured groups. To achieve the goal of universal medical coverage, the relevant state departments should take corresponding measures to increase the participation rate of residents.